Where to start reading

If you have just watched the film, or you have just had a diagnosis and you are standing where I was standing, this is the list I wish someone had handed me in the first week.

Don't be overwhelmed by the quantity of information on this page. Start at the top and go at your own pace.

Please read this part. Nothing here is medical advice, and none of it is a substitute for oncology care. Several of these papers argue a position mainstream oncology does not accept: that cancer is primarily a metabolic disease rather than a genetic one. No randomised trial has yet shown that a ketogenic diet extends survival in cancer. Talk to your own doctor about what any of this means for you.

Start here

Talk2018
A Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Metabolic Management of Cancer
Thomas Seyfried · Silicon Valley Health Institute

Seyfried setting out the whole argument in one sitting, at a length that lets him actually build it rather than summarise it. This is the talk linked from his own Boston College faculty page, and the best single place to begin.

Book2017
Keto for Cancer
Miriam Kalamian

The how-to: what to eat, how to track it, what to say to your oncologist. Written by a nutritionist whose own son had a brain tumour.

Peer-reviewed research2017
Press-Pulse: a therapeutic strategy for the metabolic management of cancer
Thomas N. Seyfried, George Yu, Joseph C. Maroon, Dominic P. D'Agostino

Proposes combining steady dietary pressure with timed drug pulses to stress tumour cells. A proposed strategy, not a tested protocol.

Peer-reviewed research2010
Cancer as a Metabolic Disease
Thomas N. Seyfried, Laura M. Shelton

The argument set out in full and free to read: that cancer is fundamentally a disease of damaged mitochondria. A minority view in oncology.

Interview
The Cancer Doctor: this common food is making cancer worse
Thomas Seyfried · The Diary of a CEO

The conversation that put this argument in front of a very large general audience. Long, accessible, and the one to send to someone who would never open a journal article.

Talk2025
New study reveals specific insights on ketosis as a cancer therapy
Tomás Duraj · Talking Cancer with Professor Thomas Seyfried

Duraj is a postdoctoral fellow in Seyfried's lab and a co-author on the 2025 Greek clinical study listed further down this page. Here he sets out what that data showed and what it did not. Short.

Book2017
Tripping Over the Truth
Travis Christofferson

The history of the metabolic theory told as a story rather than as science. The easiest reading on this page, and a good way to understand how the idea developed and who fought over it. Advocacy, not a neutral textbook.

Interview2018
Cancer as a mitochondrial metabolic disease — a controversial discussion
Thomas Seyfried with Peter Attia · The Drive, ep. 30

Attia pushes back hard and Seyfried defends his position for two hours. The most useful thing to listen to if you want to hear the argument tested rather than presented.

The idea itself

Peer-reviewed research1956
On the Origin of Cancer Cells
Otto Warburg

The Nobel laureate's claim that cancer begins with broken cell energy machinery, not only damaged genes. Everything else here descends from this.

Peer-reviewed research2009
Understanding the Warburg Effect
Matthew Vander Heiden, Lewis Cantley, Craig Thompson

Mainstream cancer biology's own account of why tumours burn sugar strangely. Read it to see where orthodoxy agrees with Seyfried and where it parts company.

Book2012
Cancer as a Metabolic Disease (the book)
Thomas N. Seyfried

The full book-length case, dense and technical. The reference work if you want the primary argument rather than someone's account of it. A number of websites carry summaries of this book. None of them are written or approved by Seyfried, so read them as someone else's interpretation and not as his position.

How it is supposed to work

Peer-reviewed research2019
Calorie-restricted ketogenic diet and glutamine targeting in late-stage glioblastoma
Purna Mukherjee and colleagues

The glutamine half of the story: cutting sugar alone is not enough, because tumours also run on an amino acid. Shown in mice, not yet in people.

Peer-reviewed research2015
The glucose ketone index calculator
Joshua J. Meidenbauer, Purna Mukherjee, Thomas N. Seyfried

Explains the glucose-ketone index, the single number people use at home to check whether their diet is doing what they hope it is.

Peer-reviewed research2014
Ketone supplementation decreases tumour cell viability and prolongs survival in mice
Angela M. Poff, Csilla Ari, Patrick Arnold, Thomas N. Seyfried, Dominic P. D'Agostino

Suggests ketones themselves, not only low blood sugar, may slow tumours. This is the research behind exogenous ketone supplements. Animal study.

Protocol
Sustainable Interventions — the Press/Pulse protocol
Daniel Orrego

The most complete public write-up of what the Press/Pulse strategy actually involves in practice, assembled by Daniel Orrego, who also co-founded the Hippocrates Research Foundation. Useful for understanding the shape of the thing. Note that it names specific drugs and gives dosing by body weight: none of that is part of standard oncology, and none of it should be attempted without a doctor supervising you.

Individual cases

A case report describes one person. It is the weakest form of clinical evidence and the most compelling to read. Both of those are true at once.

Case report2021
Ketogenic metabolic therapy for IDH1-mutant glioblastoma: 80-month follow-up
Thomas N. Seyfried and colleagues

A 32-year-old man with glioblastoma who declined chemotherapy and radiation, alive at 80 months on strict diet alone. One patient.

Case report2017
Metabolically supported chemotherapy for stage IV triple-negative breast cancer
Mehmet Salih İyikesici, Abdul Kadir Slocum and colleagues

From the Istanbul clinic that appears in our film: one woman with advanced breast cancer, complete response. One patient at one clinic is not proof.

Talk2017
Advocating for a Therapeutic Ketogenic Diet
Miriam Kalamian · TEDxSedona

Kalamian in her own words on her son Raffi, diagnosed with a brain tumour as a small boy, and how a mother with no medical training ended up building a clinical practice out of what she had to learn.

Book2018
Anyway You Can
Dr. Annette Bosworth

Bosworth, an internal medicine physician, put her own mother on ketogenic metabolic therapy after a cancer diagnosis and wrote the book she wished someone had handed her. Half memoir, half beginner’s manual for ketones.

Interview
Grade 4 glioblastoma: Pablo Kelly’s testimony
CANCER/EVOLUTION

Kelly was told in his twenties that his glioblastoma was inoperable. He declined chemotherapy and radiation and went the metabolic route. He tells it himself here, with no clinician mediating.

Where the evidence actually stands

These are the ones to read if you are sceptical, or if someone you trust is.

Peer-reviewed review2020
Ketogenic diet in the treatment of cancer: where do we stand?
Daniela D. Weber and colleagues

A sober, non-partisan review of what the human evidence does and does not support. The honest counterweight to the enthusiasts, us included.

Peer-reviewed research2024
Clinical research framework proposal for ketogenic metabolic therapy in glioblastoma
Tomás Duraj and colleagues

Fifty clinicians and scientists set out how this should finally be tested properly. The field's own admission that the trials have not been done.

Systematic review2020
Ketogenic diets for drug-resistant epilepsy (Cochrane Review)
Kirsty J. Martin-McGill and colleagues

The gold-standard evidence review showing ketogenic diets genuinely reduce seizures. Proof that diet can be real medicine, independent of any cancer claim.

Peer-reviewed research2025
Successful application of dietary ketogenic metabolic therapy in patients with glioblastoma
Kiryttopoulos, Evangeliou, Spilioti, Seyfried and colleagues · Frontiers in Nutrition · Thessaloniki, Greece

Eighteen glioblastoma patients were taught ketogenic metabolic therapy alongside standard care. Six followed the diet for more than six months, and four of those six were alive at three years. Of the twelve who did not adhere, one was. That is 66.7 per cent against 8.3 per cent, in a disease whose median survival is twelve to eighteen months. Eighteen people, no randomisation, no control arm — a signal worth chasing, not a verdict.

Peer-reviewed research2026
Intensive multimodal ketogenic metabolic therapy in glioblastoma: a clinical trial
Phillips and colleagues · Neuro-Oncology Advances · Waikato Hospital, New Zealand

Also eighteen patients, arrived at independently and from the other side of the world: five-day water fasts and time-restricted ketogenic eating alongside standard chemoradiation. Median survival 21.5 months against 14.7, and 27 per cent alive at three years against 7 per cent. The result holds for the fifteen who completed the programme but not across all eighteen as enrolled, which is the honest caveat.

Commentary2026
Intensive multimodal ketogenic metabolic therapy in glioblastoma
Paul Marik

A plain-English walk through the New Zealand trial for anyone who would rather not read the paper. Marik is an advocate, so take it as a summary rather than an appraisal.

Doing it safely

Clinical guideline2018
Optimal clinical management of children receiving dietary therapies for epilepsy
Eric H. Kossoff and colleagues

How hospitals actually run a medical ketogenic diet safely: monitoring, side effects, supplements. The practical safety document nobody hands you.

Worth an hour of listening

Talk2013
Starving cancer (TEDxTampaBay)
Dominic D'Agostino

Twenty clear minutes on why ketones and oxygen may pressure tumours, from a researcher who is careful about what is and is not proven.

Talk2019
Fasting For Survival
Dr. Pradip Jamnadas

A cardiologist's lecture on why periodic fasting lowers insulin and inflammation. Engaging and widely shared, but a lecture rather than evidence.

Lecture
Cancer: a metabolic disease with metabolic solutions
Thomas Seyfried · IHMC Evening Lecture, Pensacola, Florida

The full argument delivered to a general audience rather than a room of specialists. If you watch only one Seyfried lecture, watch this one.

Channel
Talking Cancer with Professor Thomas Seyfried
YouTube

Seyfried’s own channel, where he and his lab answer questions directly rather than through an interviewer.

This list is maintained by hand and will change as the research does. If something here is out of date or wrong, we would rather know.